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【Spring集成MyBatis】MyBatis的多表查询,诺基亚e63主题下载

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文件名:【Spring集成MyBatis】MyBatis的多表查询,诺基亚e63主题下载 【Spring集成MyBatis】MyBatis的多表查询

文章目录 1. 一对一什么是一对一User、Order类及Mapper,User、Order表一对一操作的实现一对一操作实现的第二种方式 2. 一对多什么是一对多一对多操作实现 3. 多对多什么是多对多多对多的实现 4. 小结

1. 一对一 什么是一对一

一对一指的是表与表之间通过外键进行连接,比如我们有一个Order类,里面有属性id、orderTime、total,以及一个下这个订单的用户userId,通过userId找到对应的用户。一个订单会有一个对应的下单用户,这就是一对一。

User、Order类及Mapper,User、Order表

User表中有如下属性:

Java代码中, User类的定义如下:

package com.example.demo.domain;import java.util.Date;public class User {int id;String username;String password;Date birthday;@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User{" +"id=" + id +", username='" + username + '\'' +", password='" + password + '\'' +", birthday=" + birthday +'}';}public Date getBirthday() {return birthday;}public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday = birthday;}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}}

并写好对应的Mapper: UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="com.example.demo.dao.UserMapper"></mapper>

UserMapper.java

package com.example.demo.dao;import com.example.demo.domain.User;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.List;public interface UserMapper {void save(User user);User findById(int id);List<User> findAll();}

Order表中有如下属性:

Java代码中, Order类的定义如下:

package com.example.demo.domain;import java.util.Date;public class Order {int id;Date orderTime;double total;User user;@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Order{" +"id=" + id +", orderTime=" + orderTime +", total=" + total +", user=" + user +'}';}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public Date getOrderTime() {return orderTime;}public void setOrderTime(Date orderTime) {this.orderTime = orderTime;}public double getTotal() {return total;}public void setTotal(double total) {this.total = total;}public User getUser() {return user;}public void setUser(User user) {this.user = user;}}

并写好对应的Mapper: OrderMapper.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="com.example.demo.dao.OrderMapper"></mapper>

OrderMapper.java:

package com.example.demo.dao;public interface OrderMapper {}
还有SqlMapConfig.xml: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"><configuration><!-- 通过properties标签加载外部properties文件 --><properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties><!-- 自定义别名 --><typeAliases><typeAlias type="com.example.demo.domain.User" alias="user"></typeAlias></typeAliases><!-- 配置分页助手插件 --><plugins><plugin interceptor="com.github.pagehelper.PageInterceptor"/></plugins><!-- 数据源环境 --><environments default="development"><environment id="development"><transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager><dataSource type="POOLED"><property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/><property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/><property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/></dataSource></environment></environments><!-- 加载映射文件 --><mappers><mapper resource="mapper/UserMapper.xml"></mapper><mapper resource="mapper/OrderMapper.xml"></mapper></mappers></configuration> 一对一操作的实现

假如我们有这样一条sql语句:

SELECT *, o.id `orderid` FROM `order` o, `user` u WHERE o.uid=u.id

两张表中分别有如下数据:

则查询的结果为:

若想要把这条语句中各个属性封装到Order中对应的各个属性中(其中User相关的属性封装到User里),应如下写sql语句: 在orderMapper.java中:

package com.example.demo.dao;import com.example.demo.domain.Order;import java.util.List;public interface OrderMapper {List<Order> findAll();}

orderMapper.xml中:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="com.example.demo.dao.OrderMapper"><resultMap id="orderMap" type="com.example.demo.domain.Order"><!-- 手动指定字段与实体属性的映射关系--><!-- column:数据表的字段名称--><!-- property:实体的属性名称--><id column="oid" property="id"></id><result column="ordertime" property="orderTime"></result><result column="total" property="total"></result><result column="uid" property="user.id"></result><result column="username" property="user.username"></result><result column="password" property="user.password"></result><result column="birthday" property="user.birthday"></result></resultMap><select id="findAll" resultMap="orderMap">SELECT *, o.id `orderid`, u.id `userid` FROM `order` o, `user` u WHERE o.uid=u.id</select></mapper>

其中,我们将SQL语句的返回值通过resultMap属性指定为orderMap,并在上面定义了一个id为orderMap的resultMap 在resultMap中,type属性表示返回的具体的类,这里返回的是Order类,因为我们要将返回的值都封装在Order类中 下面的<id>标签表示主键,<result>表示其他结果 column用于指定返回的值名称,property用于指定将返回的值注入到Order对象的哪个属性里去 其中要注意的事,因为uid,password,birthday都是要注入到user这个对象里的,所以在property中写的是user下的属性 测试代码:

package com.example.demo;import com.example.demo.dao.OrderMapper;import com.example.demo.domain.Order;import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.List;public class DemoApplication {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {// 1. 创建SqlSessionFactoryBuilder对象SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();// 2. 加载SqlMapConfig.xml配置文件InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");// 3. 创建SqlSessionFactory对象SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(inputStream);// 4. 获取SqlSessionSqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();OrderMapper orderMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class);List<Order> orderList = orderMapper.findAll();for (Order order: orderList){System.out.println(order);}// 6. 释放资源sqlSession.close();}}

查询结果:

一对一操作实现的第二种方式

id为orderMap的resultMap还可以用以下的方式写: association标签中的property用于指定属性的名称,javaType用于指定属性类型,如果我们没有在sqlMapConfig.xml中配置别名的话,这里就要写com.example.demo.domain.User 下面的内容是类似的,不过通过这个方法就不需要再写user.xxx了,直接写对应的属性名称就好

<resultMap id="orderMap" type="com.example.demo.domain.Order"><!-- 手动指定字段与实体属性的映射关系 --><!-- column:数据表的字段名称 --><!-- property:实体的属性名称 --><id column="oid" property="id"></id><result column="ordertime" property="orderTime"></result><result column="total" property="total"></result><!-- property:当前实体(order)属性名称(private User user --><!-- javaType:当前实体(order)中的属性类型(User) --><association property="user" javaType="user"><id column="uid" property="id"></id><result column="username" property="username"></result><result column="password" property="password"></result><result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result></association></resultMap>

运行结果保持不变

2. 一对多 什么是一对多

一对多指的是,比如我们有一个Order类,里面有属性id、orderTime、total,以及一个下这个订单的用户userId,每个用户可以下多个订单,那就是一对多的关系。

一对多操作实现

想要查询一个用户及其名下的所有订单,我们的SQL语句是这么写的:

select *, o.id oid from `user` u, `order` o where u.id=o.uid

想要查询这种一对多关系的东西,我们应该如下实现: 修改User.java,其中多了一个用户订单的List属性

package com.example.demo.domain;import java.util.Date;import java.util.List;public class User {int id;String username;String password;Date birthday;// 描述当前用户存在哪些订单List<Order> orderList;@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User{" +"id=" + id +", username='" + username + '\'' +", password='" + password + '\'' +", birthday=" + birthday +", orderList=" + orderList +'}';}public List<Order> getOrderList() {return orderList;}public void setOrderList(List<Order> orderList) {this.orderList = orderList;}public Date getBirthday() {return birthday;}public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday = birthday;}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}}

UserMapper.java

package com.example.demo.dao;import com.example.demo.domain.User;import java.util.List;public interface UserMapper {List<User> findAll();}

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="com.example.demo.dao.UserMapper"><resultMap id="userMap" type="user"><id column="uid" property="id"></id><result column="username" property="username"></result><result column="password" property="password"></result><result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result><collection property="orderList" ofType="order"><id column="oid" property="id"></id><result column="orderTime" property="orderTime"></result><result column="total" property="total"></result></collection></resultMap><select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">select *, o.id oid from `user` u, `order` o where u.id=o.uid</select></mapper>

在总配置文件中加上别名配置:

<!-- 自定义别名 --><typeAliases><typeAlias type="com.example.demo.domain.User" alias="user"></typeAlias><typeAlias type="com.example.demo.domain.Order" alias="order"></typeAlias></typeAliases>

其中<collection>表示列表集合,其中property指的是User类的属性名称,ofType是List里面的属性 下面的id和column和之前的意思一样 测试代码:

package com.example.demo;import com.example.demo.dao.UserMapper;import com.example.demo.domain.User;import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.List;public class DemoApplication {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {// 1. 创建SqlSessionFactoryBuilder对象SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();// 2. 加载SqlMapConfig.xml配置文件InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");// 3. 创建SqlSessionFactory对象SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(inputStream);// 4. 获取SqlSessionSqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);List<User> userList = userMapper.findAll();for (User user: userList){System.out.println(user);}// 6. 释放资源sqlSession.close();}}

结果如下:

3. 多对多 什么是多对多

其中user_role表中的信息如下:

role表的信息如下: 通过一个user_role表来连接两个表,我们需要通过user_role为媒介进行role具体信息的查询 注意在这里,一个用户可以有多个角色,在user_role表中两个键均为主键。 一个用户可以有多个角色,一个角色可以被多个用户拥有,就是多对多的关系

多对多的实现

定义Role.java

package com.example.demo.domain;public class Role {int id;String roleName;String description;@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Role{" +"id=" + id +", roleName='" + roleName + '\'' +", description='" + description + '\'' +'}';}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getRoleName() {return roleName;}public void setRoleName(String roleName) {this.roleName = roleName;}public String getDescription() {return description;}public void setDescription(String description) {this.description = description;}}

在User中加上对应的属性及方法:

package com.example.demo.domain;import java.util.Date;import java.util.List;public class User {int id;String username;String password;Date birthday;// 描述当前用户存在哪些订单List<Order> orderList;// 描述当前用户的角色List<Role> roles;@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User{" +"id=" + id +", username='" + username + '\'' +", password='" + password + '\'' +", birthday=" + birthday +", roles=" + roles +'}';}public List<Role> getRoles() {return roles;}public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {this.roles = roles;}public List<Order> getOrderList() {return orderList;}public void setOrderList(List<Order> orderList) {this.orderList = orderList;}public Date getBirthday() {return birthday;}public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday = birthday;}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}}

在UserMapper.java中加上对应方法的定义:

package com.example.demo.dao;import com.example.demo.domain.User;import java.util.List;public interface UserMapper {List<User> findAll();List<User> findUserandRole();}

在写对应的UserMapper.xml之前,先把SQL语句写好,这实际上就是通过user_role表来查询user对应的role相关的信息:

SELECT * FROM user u, user_role ur, role r where u.id = ur.userid and ur.roleid = r.id

查询结果如下: 此时继续写UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="com.example.demo.dao.UserMapper"><resultMap id="userMap" type="user"><id column="uid" property="id"></id><result column="username" property="username"></result><result column="password" property="password"></result><result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result><collection property="orderList" ofType="order"><id column="oid" property="id"></id><result column="orderTime" property="orderTime"></result><result column="total" property="total"></result></collection></resultMap><select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">select *, o.id oid from `user` u, `order` o where u.id=o.uid</select><resultMap id="userandRoleMap" type="user"><id column="uid" property="id"></id><result column="username" property="username"></result><result column="password" property="password"></result><result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result><collection property="roles" ofType="role"><id column="roleid" property="id"></id><result column="roleName" property="roleName"></result><result column="description" property="description"></result></collection></resultMap><select id="findUserandRole" resultMap="userandRoleMap">SELECT * FROM user u, user_role ur, role r where u.id = ur.userid and ur.roleid = r.id</select></mapper>

这里对应的语句是findUserandRole中的语句,返回的Map为userandRoleMap,里面定义了对应的user信息及role的信息 在总配置中加上别名配置:

<!-- 自定义别名 --><typeAliases><typeAlias type="com.example.demo.domain.User" alias="user"></typeAlias><typeAlias type="com.example.demo.domain.Order" alias="order"></typeAlias><typeAlias type="com.example.demo.domain.Role" alias="role"></typeAlias></typeAliases>

测试代码:

package com.example.demo;import com.example.demo.dao.UserMapper;import com.example.demo.domain.User;import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.List;public class DemoApplication {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {// 1. 创建SqlSessionFactoryBuilder对象SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();// 2. 加载SqlMapConfig.xml配置文件InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");// 3. 创建SqlSessionFactory对象SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(inputStream);// 4. 获取SqlSessionSqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);List<User> userList = userMapper.findUserandRole();for (User user : userList) {System.out.println(user); }// 6. 释放资源sqlSession.close();}}

结果如下: 和表中查询出来的结果一致

4. 小结

感觉就是如果是一个类里面包含有另一个类(单个对象),就通过<resultMap>+<association>就可以 然后对于一个类里面包含有另一个类的列表的,通过<resultMap>+<collection>实现即可。 其中<resultMap>中有属性id和type,前者用于指定这个resultMap的名称,type指定这个resultMap的返回类型 下面的<id>是主键,<result>是其他信息,其中包含<column>是数据库查表得到的列名称,<property>是具体的属性名 <association>中的property是对应的属性名,javaType是对应的类型 <collection>中的property是对应的属性名,ofType是列表对应的类型

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