前言
在本文中，我们将介绍如何在STM32上成功地移植u8g2图形库，以便能够轻松地控制OLED或LCD显示屏。u8g2库提供了一个灵活、功能强大的框架，可以简化图形界面的开发过程。通过合理地配置STM32 CubeMX以及适当的硬件连接，我们可以使得u8g2与STM32微控制器完美结合。
我们将逐步引导您完成整个移植过程，从STM32 CubeMX的项目创建，到u8g2库的集成和配置，最终实现一个简单的示例程序，以确保整个过程的顺利进行。让我们一起开始吧！
一、下载u8g2源文件
u8g2下载地址 如果进不去可以私信我。找我要源代码。
下载好之后解压出来
二、复制和更改文件 2.1 复制文件1、首先，在工程下面创建一个u8g2文件夹 2、把我们下载好的u8g2文件夹里面的csrc下图中的这些文件复制进去 3、在工程中创建一个drive文件夹，里面放oled文件夹，oled文件夹放oled.c和oled.h，之后有用 4、打开keil，把前面的这些文件放进去
2.2 修改文件 u8g2_d_setup文件我们需要找到下面这个函数：
void u8g2_Setup_ssd1306_i2c_128x64_noname_f(u8g2_t *u8g2, const u8g2_cb_t *rotation, u8x8_msg_cb byte_cb, u8x8_msg_cb gpio_and_delay_cb){uint8_t tile_buf_height;uint8_t *buf;u8g2_SetupDisplay(u8g2, u8x8_d_ssd1306_128x64_noname, u8x8_cad_ssd13xx_fast_i2c, byte_cb, gpio_and_delay_cb);buf = u8g2_m_16_8_f(&tile_buf_height);u8g2_SetupBuffer(u8g2, buf, tile_buf_height, u8g2_ll_hvline_vertical_top_lsb, rotation);}然后把其他函数给删除或者注释掉。
u8g2_d_memory我们需要找到下面这个函数
uint8_t *u8g2_m_16_8_f(uint8_t *page_cnt){#ifdef U8G2_USE_DYNAMIC_ALLOC*page_cnt = 8;return 0;#elsestatic uint8_t buf[1024];*page_cnt = 8;return buf;#endif}把其他函数删除或注释掉.
三、编写oled.c和oled.h文件 3.1 CubeMX配置I2C首先我们在CubeMX配置好我们的I2C，这个在之前的文章已经讲过了，这里不多赘述。
3.2 编写文件 oled.h我们在oled.h文件里面，把下面的代码复制进去就可以了
#ifndef __oled_H#define __oled_H#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C" {#endif/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/#include "main.h"#include "u8g2.h"/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes *//* USER CODE END Includes *//* USER CODE BEGIN Private defines *//* USER CODE END Private defines */#define u8 unsigned char // ?unsigned char ????#define MAX_LEN 128 //#define OLED_ADDRESS 0x78 // oled??????#define OLED_CMD 0x00 // ???#define OLED_DATA 0x40 // ???/* USER CODE BEGIN Prototypes */uint8_t u8x8_byte_hw_i2c(u8x8_t *u8x8, uint8_t msg, uint8_t arg_int, void *arg_ptr);uint8_t u8x8_gpio_and_delay(u8x8_t *u8x8, uint8_t msg, uint8_t arg_int, void *arg_ptr);void u8g2Init(u8g2_t *u8g2);#ifdef __cplusplus}#endif#endif /*__ i2c_H *//* USER CODE END Prototypes */ oled.c我们需要把MX_I2C1_Init，这个函数复制进去，这个函数是CubeMX生成的不需要我们自己写，如果你的函数名和我的不同，那就把u8x8_byte_hw_i2c里面的MX_I2C1_Init替换成你的函数
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"#include "u8g2.h"#include "oled.h"#include "delay.h"#include "main.h"#include "oled.h"I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1;static void MX_I2C1_Init(void){/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 0 *//* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 0 *//* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 1 *//* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 1 */hi2c1.Instance = I2C1;hi2c1.Init.ClockSpeed = 400000;hi2c1.Init.DutyCycle = I2C_DUTYCYCLE_2;hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;hi2c1.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;hi2c1.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_DISABLE;hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;hi2c1.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;hi2c1.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c1) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 2 *//* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 2 */}uint8_t u8x8_byte_hw_i2c(u8x8_t *u8x8, uint8_t msg, uint8_t arg_int, void *arg_ptr){/* u8g2/u8x8 will never send more than 32 bytes between START_TRANSFER and END_TRANSFER */static uint8_t buffer[128];static uint8_t buf_idx;uint8_t *data;switch (msg){case U8X8_MSG_BYTE_INIT:{/* add your custom code to init i2c subsystem */MX_I2C1_Init(); //I2C???}break;case U8X8_MSG_BYTE_START_TRANSFER:{buf_idx = 0;}break;case U8X8_MSG_BYTE_SEND:{data = (uint8_t *)arg_ptr;while (arg_int > 0){buffer[buf_idx++] = *data;data++;arg_int--;}}break;case U8X8_MSG_BYTE_END_TRANSFER:{if (HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c1, (OLED_ADDRESS), buffer, buf_idx, 1000) != HAL_OK)return 0;}break;case U8X8_MSG_BYTE_SET_DC:break;default:return 0;}return 1;}void delay_us(uint32_t time){uint32_t i = 8 * time;while (i--);}uint8_t u8x8_gpio_and_delay(u8x8_t *u8x8, uint8_t msg, uint8_t arg_int, void *arg_ptr){switch (msg){case U8X8_MSG_DELAY_100NANO: // delay arg_int * 100 nano seconds__NOP();break;case U8X8_MSG_DELAY_10MICRO: // delay arg_int * 10 micro secondsfor (uint16_t n = 0; n < 320; n++){__NOP();}break;case U8X8_MSG_DELAY_MILLI: // delay arg_int * 1 milli secondHAL_Delay(1);break;case U8X8_MSG_DELAY_I2C: // arg_int is the I2C speed in 100KHz, e.g. 4 = 400 KHzdelay_us(5);break; // arg_int=1: delay by 5us, arg_int = 4: delay by 1.25uscase U8X8_MSG_GPIO_I2C_CLOCK: // arg_int=0: Output low at I2C clock pinbreak; // arg_int=1: Input dir with pullup high for I2C clock pincase U8X8_MSG_GPIO_I2C_DATA: // arg_int=0: Output low at I2C data pinbreak; // arg_int=1: Input dir with pullup high for I2C data pincase U8X8_MSG_GPIO_MENU_SELECT:u8x8_SetGPIOResult(u8x8, /* get menu select pin state */ 0);break;case U8X8_MSG_GPIO_MENU_NEXT:u8x8_SetGPIOResult(u8x8, /* get menu next pin state */ 0);break;case U8X8_MSG_GPIO_MENU_PREV:u8x8_SetGPIOResult(u8x8, /* get menu prev pin state */ 0);break;case U8X8_MSG_GPIO_MENU_HOME:u8x8_SetGPIOResult(u8x8, /* get menu home pin state */ 0);break;default:u8x8_SetGPIOResult(u8x8, 1); // default return valuebreak;}return 1;}void u8g2Init(u8g2_t *u8g2){u8g2_Setup_ssd1306_i2c_128x64_noname_f(u8g2, U8G2_R0, u8x8_byte_hw_i2c, u8x8_gpio_and_delay); // ??? u8g2 ???u8g2_InitDisplay(u8g2); // ??????????????,??????,?????????u8g2_SetPowerSave(u8g2, 0); // ?????u8g2_ClearBuffer(u8g2);} 四、测试代码到这里已经大功告成了，最后我们需要设置一下为C99标准：
main函数测试代码 /* USER CODE BEGIN Header *//********************************************************************************* @file : main.c* @brief : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************//* USER CODE END Header *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/#include "main.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */#include "u8g2.h"#include "oled.h"/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PD *//* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/void SystemClock_Config(void);static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);static void MX_I2C1_Init(void);/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *//* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief The application entry point.* @retval int*/int main(void){/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 *//* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */u8g2_t u8g2; // a structure which will contain all the data for one displayu8g2Init(&u8g2);/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *///u8g2_DrawCircle(&u8g2, 64, 32, 30, U8G2_DRAW_ALL);u8g2_SendBuffer(&u8g2);u8g2_DrawBox(&u8g2,0,0,20,20);u8g2_DrawBox(&u8g2,20,20,20,20);u8g2_SendBuffer(&u8g2);u8g2_DrawFrame(&u8g2,10,40,20,20);u8g2_SendBuffer(&u8g2);u8g2_SetFont(&u8g2,u8g2_font_DigitalDiscoThin_tf);u8g2_DrawStr(&u8g2,30,10,"Hello World");u8g2_SendBuffer(&u8g2);HAL_Delay(1000);/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/void SystemClock_Config(void){RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}}/*** @brief I2C1 Initialization Function* @param None* @retval None*//*** @brief GPIO Initialization Function* @param None* @retval None*/static void MX_GPIO_Init(void){/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/void Error_Handler(void){/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */}#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT/*** @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number* where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param file: pointer to the source file name* @param line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line){/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */}#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */我们编译，烧写，即可看到oled已经显示了！
总结
通过本文的介绍与实践，我们成功地将u8g2图形库移植到了STM32微控制器上，并实现了一个简单的示例程序。以下是我们在整个过程中所取得的关键成果：
STM32 CubeMX项目创建：我们从零开始使用了STM32 CubeMX创建了一个新的项目，确保了正确的初始化和配置。
硬件连接：通过正确地连接OLED或LCD显示屏到STM32微控制器，我们保证了u8g2能够与硬件正确通信。
u8g2库的集成与配置：我们成功地将u8g2库添加到了STM32 CubeMX项目中，并配置了相关的参数，以确保适应我们的硬件需求。
示例程序的编写：我们编写了一个简单的示例程序，以验证u8g2库的正确移植与配置。
通过这个实例，我们展示了如何在STM32上成功地移植u8g2库，为您在嵌入式图形界面开发中提供了一个强大的工具。希望本文对您在此方面的工作和项目中能够提供有价值的参考。祝您的项目取得圆满成功！
